Source
Uribe SE, Innes N, Maldupa I. The global prevalence of early childhood caries: A systematic review with meta-analysis using the WHO diagnostic criteria. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021 Mar 18. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12783. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33735529.
Abstract
Aim: To estimate the global prevalence of early childhood caries using the WHO criteria.
Design: Systematic review of studies published from 1960 to 2019. Data sources: PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO and LILACS. Eligibility criteria were articles using: dmft-WHO diagnostic criteria with calibrated examiners, probability sampling, and sample sizes. Study selection: Two reviewers searched, screened and extracted information from the selected articles. All pooled analyses were based on random-effects models. Registration: Prospero-CRD42014009578.
Results: From 472 reports, 214 used WHO-criteria and 125 fitted the inclusion criteria. Sixty-four reports of 67 countries (published 1992-2019) had adequate data to be summarised in the meta-analysis. They covered 29 countries/59018 children. Global random-effects pooled-prevalence was (percentage[95% CI]) 48[43, 53]. Prevalence by continent was Africa 30[19; 45], Americas 48 [42; 54], Asia 52[43; 61], Europe 43[24; 66], and Oceania 82[73; 89]. Differences across countries explain 21.2% of the observed variance.
Conclusions: Early childhood caries is a global health problem, affecting almost half of preschool children. Limitations: Results are reported from 29/195 countries. Implications of key findings: ECC prevalence varied widely, and there was more variance attributable to between-country differences rather than continent or change over time.
Design: Systematic review of studies published from 1960 to 2019. Data sources: PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO and LILACS. Eligibility criteria were articles using: dmft-WHO diagnostic criteria with calibrated examiners, probability sampling, and sample sizes. Study selection: Two reviewers searched, screened and extracted information from the selected articles. All pooled analyses were based on random-effects models. Registration: Prospero-CRD42014009578.
Results: From 472 reports, 214 used WHO-criteria and 125 fitted the inclusion criteria. Sixty-four reports of 67 countries (published 1992-2019) had adequate data to be summarised in the meta-analysis. They covered 29 countries/59018 children. Global random-effects pooled-prevalence was (percentage[95% CI]) 48[43, 53]. Prevalence by continent was Africa 30[19; 45], Americas 48 [42; 54], Asia 52[43; 61], Europe 43[24; 66], and Oceania 82[73; 89]. Differences across countries explain 21.2% of the observed variance.
Conclusions: Early childhood caries is a global health problem, affecting almost half of preschool children. Limitations: Results are reported from 29/195 countries. Implications of key findings: ECC prevalence varied widely, and there was more variance attributable to between-country differences rather than continent or change over time.
Reported prevalence by continent, year and sample size
Tables
| Location | No. of Studies | Pooled Prevalence (95%CI) |
| Global | 64 | 48% (43% to 53%) |
| Africa | 7 | 30% (19% to 45%) |
| Americas | 27 | 48% (42% to 54%) |
| Asia | 27 | 52% (43% to 61%) |
| Europe | 5 | 43% (24% to 66%) |
| Oceania | 1 | 82% (73% to 89%) |
| Decade | No. of Studies | Pooled Prevalence (95%CI) |
| 1990s | 5 | 55% (31% to 76%) |
| 2000s | 25 | 45% (37% to 53%) |
| 2010 | 34 | 49% (42% to 55%) |
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